English Phonetic Alphabet#
Vowels#
[I] [ə] [ɒ|ɑ] [u] [Λ] [æ] [e|ɛ]
[i:] [ə:|ɜː] [ɔ:] [u:] [ɑ:]
[aI] [eI] [ɔI] [au|oʊ] [əu] [Iə] [eə] [uə]
Short vowels
| IPA | Sound | Example |
| ----------------- | ------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| /ɪ/ | near-close near-front unrounded | *sit* |
| /e/ or /ɛ/ | open-mid front unrounded | *bed* |
| /æ/ | near-open front | *cat* |
| /ʌ/ | open-mid back unrounded | *cup* |
| /ʊ/ | near-close near-back rounded | *put* |
| /ɒ/ (RP) /ɑ/ (GA) | open back unrounded | *cot* / *father* |
Long vowels / Tense vowels
| IPA | Sound | Example |
| ---- | --------------------- | --------- |
| /iː/ | close front unrounded | *see* |
| /uː/ | close back rounded | *food* |
| /ɔː/ | open-mid back rounded | *thought* |
| /ɑː/ | open back unrounded | *father* |
| /ɜː/ | mid central unrounded | *bird* |
Diphthongs
| IPA | Sound | Example |
| --------- | -------- | ------- |
| /eɪ/ | *face* | *day* |
| /aɪ/ | *price* | *my* |
| /ɔɪ/ | *choice* | *boy* |
| /aʊ/ | *mouth* | *now* |
| /oʊ/ | *goat* | *go* |
| /ɪə/ (RP) | *near* | *here* |
| /eə/ (RP) | *square* | *care* |
| /ʊə/ (RP) | *cure* | *tour* |
Consonants#
[p] [t] [k] [f] [θ] [s] [tr] [ts] [∫] [t∫]
[b] [d] [g] [v] [ð] [z] [dr] [dz] [ʒ] [dʒ]
[h] [m ] [n] [ŋ] [l] [r] [w] [j]
| IPA | Sound | Example |
| ---- | -------------------------------- | --------- |
| /p/ | voiceless bilabial stop | *pat* |
| /b/ | voiced bilabial stop | *bat* |
| /t/ | voiceless alveolar stop | *tap* |
| /d/ | voiced alveolar stop | *dog* |
| /k/ | voiceless velar stop | *cat* |
| /g/ | voiced velar stop | *go* |
| /tʃ/ | voiceless postalveolar affricate | *chat* |
| /dʒ/ | voiced postalveolar affricate | *jam* |
| /f/ | voiceless labiodental fricative | *fan* |
| /v/ | voiced labiodental fricative | *van* |
| /θ/ | voiceless dental fricative | *think* |
| /ð/ | voiced dental fricative | *this* |
| /s/ | voiceless alveolar fricative | *see* |
| /z/ | voiced alveolar fricative | *zoo* |
| /ʃ/ | voiceless postalveolar fricative | *she* |
| /ʒ/ | voiced postalveolar fricative | *measure* |
| /h/ | voiceless glottal fricative | *hat* |
| /m/ | bilabial nasal | *man* |
| /n/ | alveolar nasal | *no* |
| /ŋ/ | velar nasal | *sing* |
| /l/ | alveolar lateral | *let* |
| /r/ | alveolar/posterior approximant | *red* |
| /j/ | palatal approximant | *yes* |
| /w/ | labial-velar approximant | *we* |
English Alphabet#
| Letter | Name / Pronunciation |
| ------ | -------------------------------------------- |
| A | /eɪ/ (ay) |
| B | /biː/ (bee) |
| C | /siː/ (see) |
| D | /diː/ (dee) |
| E | /iː/ (ee) |
| F | /ɛf/ (ef) |
| G | /dʒiː/ (gee) |
| H | /eɪtʃ/ (aitch) |
| I | /aɪ/ (eye) |
| J | /dʒeɪ/ (jay) |
| K | /keɪ/ (kay) |
| L | /ɛl/ (el) |
| M | /ɛm/ (em) |
| N | /ɛn/ (en) |
| O | /oʊ/ (oh) |
| P | /piː/ (pee) |
| Q | /kjuː/ (cue) |
| R | /ɑːr/ (ar in American English) |
| S | /ɛs/ (es) |
| T | /tiː/ (tee) |
| U | /juː/ (you) |
| V | /viː/ (vee) |
| W | /ˈdʌbəl.juː/ (double-you) |
| X | /ɛks/ (ex) |
| Y | /waɪ/ (why) |
| Z | /ziː/ (zee, American) / /zɛd/ (zed, British) |